The “fashion industry” can be thought of as one of the creative industries constituting the creative economy, since it features many important characteristics of traditional sectors of the cultural industries. These characteristics formed the core of the “culture and trade debate”, which – in legal terms – can be translated into an opposition between the trade agreements and the “laws of UNESCO”. The present chapter examines the fashion industry as a practical example of what cultural variety may mean in the international trade practice, with a view to paving the way for a new understanding of the relationship between culture and trade.