In recent years, the development of biomedical research has been swift and violent, and most research works are related to micro/nano manipulation. There is low efficiency of manual manipulation, as well as the low success rate and other defects. Therefore, the micromanipulation robot technology for biomedical applications has become a worldwide hot issue. The research status of this field in domestic and foreign, and other aspects such as the practical application are summarized. After comprehensive analysis, a conclusion is made that there exist some deficiencies in bio-micromanipulation system such as visual servo control, actuators, micromanipulation control strategy, geometric calibration and sensor fusion. Some suggestions are proposed, which can be used to provide a reference and guide for the innovative designs and the improvements of this area. © 2011 Journal of Mechanical Engineering.