This study sought to provide a preliminary examination of the psychometric properties of China’s National Higher Education Entrance Examination (NHEEE) in mathematics. To the best of our knowledge, there are no technical reports on the psychometric properties of NHEEE. This study aims to fill that gap by providing evidence with data from two schools in China. The Rasch analysis showed that the data satisfied the unidimensionality assumption. The item reliability was satisfactory, but the person reliability was low indicating that the exam is not sensitive enough to distinguish between the low- and high-performing students. The items as a whole were somewhat easy and some items appeared redundant. Results revealed differential item functioning by gender and province.