本研究通過中國四省市（北京－上海－江蘇－浙江）、香港、澳門、臺灣和新加坡五個在社會、文化與生活相近，且對學生學習成就都非常重視的華人地區進行學校氛圍跨地區比較，以冀得知華人地區的學校氛圍對學生素養表現的影響，目的是讓學校氛圍的跨地區差異比較得以對各地學生閱讀素養之養成提供另一個觀察的視點。研究結果顯示學生知覺到的學校氛圍對閱讀成績普遍有顯著的預測作用，且在五個地區間具有較高的一致性，同時卻各有側重，教育工作者宜根據當地實際情況改進學校氛圍，以及男女學生感知校園氛圍的性別差異，從而提升學生的素養表現。

This study examines reading performance of PISA 2018 in five ethnic Chinese economies, which includes four provinces/cities of China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Singapore, in order to assess the effects of school climate on reading performance from a comparative education perspective. The five ethnic Chinese economies are proximal in social, cultural and everyday life. Secondary analysis revealed that the school climate variables analyzed generally are able to predict students' reading performance with statistical significant effects. Though many of the school climate effects are common across the five economies, there are unique effects as well. Regarding these findings, educational practitioners should consider the local contexts while seeking to improve the school climate as well as students' gender differences in school climate awareness. In so doing, students' reading performance can be further improved.