We are witnessing exciting advances in cognitive translation studies (CTS), which has become an established area within translation studies. CTS boasts today an increasing number of researchers, diversified approaches to cognition and an expanded list of research topics. CTS-themed international conference series are contributing to the constant advances in this area in the new decade. Hence the title of this volume. In the first part of this introduction, we present a short history of the development of this area that, in a way, frames the introductions to each chapter in its second part by offering a wider perspective. Based on the “invisible college” thesis on the growth of scientific knowledge, our historical sketch is structured around CTS's emergence, early development, reckoning, rapid rise, and gradual diversification. As this book gets out of press, we emerge from a Covid-ridden year, and our CTS scientific community has paradoxically become more and better interconnected worldwide.