Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer afflicting the male population. Although prostate cancer is initially slow-growing and regresses upon androgen ablation, the disease is capable of transiting into an aggressive and metastatic form that is hormone refractory. Studies have attributed alterations in the cancer genome and transcriptome as being integral to this transition process. With the aim of developing alternative therapeutic strategies for advanced prostate -cancer, research efforts are now directed towards a more comprehensive understanding of prostate cancer genomics. Herein, we review the progress made recently in prostate cancer genomics research with a focus on the application of next generation -sequencing technologies.