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Self-Paced Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Unmixing
Peng, Jiangtao1; Zhou, Yicong2; Sun, Weiwei3; Du, Qian4; Xia, Lekang1
2021-02-01
Source PublicationIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
ISSN0196-2892
Volume59Issue:2Pages:1501-1515
Abstract

The presence of mixed pixels in the hyperspectral data makes unmixing to be a key step for many applications. Unsupervised unmixing needs to estimate the number of endmembers, their spectral signatures, and their abundances at each pixel. Since both endmember and abundance matrices are unknown, unsupervised unmixing can be considered as a blind source separation problem and can be solved by nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). However, most of the existing NMF unmixing methods use a least-squares objective function that is sensitive to the noise and outliers. To deal with different types of noises in hyperspectral data, such as the noise in different bands (band noise), the noise in different pixels (pixel noise), and the noise in different elements of hyperspectral data matrix (element noise), we propose three self-paced learning based NMF (SpNMF) unmixing models in this article. The SpNMF models replace the least-squares loss in the standard NMF model with weighted least-squares losses and adopt a self-paced learning (SPL) strategy to learn the weights adaptively. In each iteration of SPL, atoms (bands or pixels or elements) with weight zero are considered as complex atoms and are excluded, while atoms with nonzero weights are considered as easy atoms and are included in the current unmixing model. By gradually enlarging the size of the current model set, SpNMF can select atoms from easy to complex. Usually, noisy or outlying atoms are complex atoms that are excluded from the unmixing model. Thus, SpNMF models are robust to noise and outliers. Experimental results on the simulated and two real hyperspectral data sets demonstrate that our proposed SpNMF methods are more accurate and robust than the existing NMF methods, especially in the case of heavy noise.

KeywordHyperspectral Unmixing Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (Nmf) Self-paced Learning (Spl)
DOI10.1109/TGRS.2020.2996688
URLView the original
Indexed BySCIE
Language英語English
WOS Research AreaGeochemistry & Geophysics ; Engineering ; Remote Sensing ; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
WOS SubjectGeochemistry & Geophysics ; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic ; Remote Sensing ; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
WOS IDWOS:000611222400043
Scopus ID2-s2.0-85098628233
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Document TypeJournal article
CollectionFaculty of Science and Technology
Corresponding AuthorSun, Weiwei
Affiliation1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
2.Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Macau, 999078, Macao
3.Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
4.Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, 39762, United States
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
Peng, Jiangtao,Zhou, Yicong,Sun, Weiwei,et al. Self-Paced Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Unmixing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021, 59(2), 1501-1515.
APA Peng, Jiangtao., Zhou, Yicong., Sun, Weiwei., Du, Qian., & Xia, Lekang (2021). Self-Paced Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Unmixing. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 59(2), 1501-1515.
MLA Peng, Jiangtao,et al."Self-Paced Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Unmixing".IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 59.2(2021):1501-1515.
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