Residential College | false |
Status | 已發表Published |
Physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of processed drinking water in central Nepal: Current state study | |
Burlakoti, Niru1; Ghimire, Nandani1; Chhetri, Anup Basnet1; Rawal, Deepa Shree1; Pant, Bhoj Raj1; Upadhyaya, Jitendra2; Bajgai, Tirtha Raj3; Koirala, Niranjan4,5 | |
2020-03-01 | |
Source Publication | Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development |
ISSN | 2043-9083 |
Volume | 10Issue:1Pages:157-165 |
Abstract | This study was undertaken to analyse processed bottled water for drinking water quality. Altogether 50 water samples of different brands were randomly collected from public places in Kathmandu valley. The samples were analysed for physical (turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity), chemical (iron, manganese, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, ammonia, fluoride, chloride, sulphate, copper, total hardness, calcium, mercury and aluminum) and microbiological (fecal coliform and total coliform) parameters. The results revealed that >300 CFU/100 mL of Escherichia coli (E. coli) (fecal coliform) and total coliform (TC) bacteria were counted in 76 and 92% samples, respectively. The bacterial population was beyond the limit of the Department of Food Technology and Quality Control (DFTQC) (0 CFU/100 mL of water). Chemical parameters analysed for fluoride (0.5–1.5 mg/L) and ammonia (1.5 mg/L) exceeded the DFTQC values. The range of fluoride estimated was 0.001– 2.37 mg/L and the maximum concentration of ammonia was 4.66 mg/L. Most of the processed water crossed the threshold standard of E. coli and TC bacteria and may pose a risk if used for drinking purposes. Therefore, to minimize the public health risk of contaminated water, scientific methods and standards of purification should be followed during the process, production, storage, and delivery of processed water. |
Keyword | Ammonia Chemical Parameter Fecal Coliform Kathmandu Public Health Total Coliform |
DOI | 10.2166/washdev.2020.111 |
URL | View the original |
Indexed By | SCIE |
Language | 英語English |
WOS Research Area | Water Resources |
WOS Subject | Water Resources |
WOS ID | WOS:000526584600016 |
Publisher | IWA PUBLISHING, REPUBLIC-EXPORT BLDG, UNITS 1 04 & 1 05, 1 CLOVE CRESCENT, LONDON E14 2BA, ENGLAND |
Scopus ID | 2-s2.0-85084071880 |
Fulltext Access | |
Citation statistics | |
Document Type | Journal article |
Collection | DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Faculty of Science and Technology |
Corresponding Author | Pant, Bhoj Raj |
Affiliation | 1.Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Lalitpur, Khumaltar, Nepal 2.Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Macdonald Campus, 21, 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada 3.Minhas Microbrewery, Distillery and Winery, Calgary, 1314 44 Ave NE, T2E 6L6, Canada 4.Department of Public Health Research, Dr. Koirala Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal 5.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, 999078, Macao |
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Burlakoti, Niru,Ghimire, Nandani,Chhetri, Anup Basnet,et al. Physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of processed drinking water in central Nepal: Current state study[J]. Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 2020, 10(1), 157-165. |
APA | Burlakoti, Niru., Ghimire, Nandani., Chhetri, Anup Basnet., Rawal, Deepa Shree., Pant, Bhoj Raj., Upadhyaya, Jitendra., Bajgai, Tirtha Raj., & Koirala, Niranjan (2020). Physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of processed drinking water in central Nepal: Current state study. Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 10(1), 157-165. |
MLA | Burlakoti, Niru,et al."Physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of processed drinking water in central Nepal: Current state study".Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 10.1(2020):157-165. |
Files in This Item: | There are no files associated with this item. |
Items in the repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.
Edit Comment