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Startup Time and Energy-Reduction Techniques for Crystal Oscillators in the IoT Era
Lei,Ka Meng1,2; Mak,Pui In1,2; Martins,Rui P.1,2,3
2021-01
Source PublicationIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
ISSN1549-7747
Volume68Issue:1Pages:30-35
Abstract

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) radios are aggressively duty-cycled to reduce the average power consumption, but the startup time and energy of the crystal oscillator can limit their on-off latency and overall energy efficiency. In this brief, we provide a mathematical treatment of the startup time of the crystal oscillator and discuss the pros and cons of the recent startup time and energy-reduction techniques categorized as negative resistance boosting and energy injection.

KeywordChirping Cmos Constant-frequency Injection Crystal Oscillator Dithering Dynamic Load Energy Injection Fast Startup Inductive Multi-stage Negative Resistance
DOI10.1109/TCSII.2020.3040419
URLView the original
Indexed BySCIE
Language英語English
WOS Research AreaEngineering
WOS SubjectEngineering, Electrical & Electronic
WOS IDWOS:000603475200006
PublisherIEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141
Scopus ID2-s2.0-85097186417
Fulltext Access
Citation statistics
Document TypeJournal article
CollectionTHE STATE KEY LABORATORY OF ANALOG AND MIXED-SIGNAL VLSI (UNIVERSITY OF MACAU)
Faculty of Science and Technology
INSTITUTE OF MICROELECTRONICS
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Corresponding AuthorLei,Ka Meng
Affiliation1.State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI,Institute of Microelectronics,University of Macau,Macao,Macao
2.Department of ECE,Faculty of Science and Technology,University of Macau,Macao,Macao
3.Instituto Superior Técnico,Universidade de Lisboa,Lisbon,1649-004,Portugal
First Author AffilicationUniversity of Macau;  Faculty of Science and Technology
Corresponding Author AffilicationUniversity of Macau;  Faculty of Science and Technology
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
Lei,Ka Meng,Mak,Pui In,Martins,Rui P.. Startup Time and Energy-Reduction Techniques for Crystal Oscillators in the IoT Era[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS, 2021, 68(1), 30-35.
APA Lei,Ka Meng., Mak,Pui In., & Martins,Rui P. (2021). Startup Time and Energy-Reduction Techniques for Crystal Oscillators in the IoT Era. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS, 68(1), 30-35.
MLA Lei,Ka Meng,et al."Startup Time and Energy-Reduction Techniques for Crystal Oscillators in the IoT Era".IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 68.1(2021):30-35.
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