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Interpolated Average CT for Attenuation Correction in PET—A Simulation Study
Greta S. P. Mok1; Tao Sun1; Tzung-Chi Huang2; Mang I. Vai1
2013-07
Source PublicationIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
ISSN0018-9294
Volume60Issue:7Pages:1927-1934
Abstract

Previously, we proposed using an interpolated average CT (IACT) method for attenuation correction (AC) in positron emission tomography (PET), which is a good, low-dose approximation of cine average CT (CACT) to reduce misalignments and improve quantification in PET/CT. This study aims to evaluate the performance of IACT for different motion amplitudes. We used the digital four-dimensional (4-D) extended cardiac-torso phantom (XCAT) to simulate maximum of 2, 3, and 4 cm respiratory motions. The respiratory cycle was divided into 13 phases, with average activity and attenuation maps to represent F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18-FDG) distributions with average respiratory motions and CACT, respectively. The end-inspiration, end-expiration, and midrespiratory phases of the XCAT attenuation maps represented three different helical CTs (i.e., HCT-1, HCT-5, and HCT-8). The IACTs were generated using: 1) 2 extreme + 11 interpolated phases (IACT(2o)); 2) 2 phases right after the extreme phases + 11 interpolated phases (IACT(2s)); 3) 4 original + 9 interpolated phases (IACT(4o)). A spherical lesion with a target-to-background ratio (TBR) of 4:1 and a diameter of 25 mm was placed in the base of right lung. The noise-free and noisy sinograms with attenuation modeling were generated and reconstructed with different noise-free and noisy AC maps (CACT, HCTs, and IACTs) by Software for Tomographic Image Reconstruction, respectively, using ordered subset expectation maximization(OS-EM) with up to 300 updates. Normalized mean-square error, mutual information (MI), TBR, image profile, and noise-contrast tradeoff were analyzed. The PET reconstructed images with AC using CACT showed least difference as compared to the original phantom, followed by IACT(4o), IACT(2o), IACT(2s), HCT-5, HCT-8, and HCT-1. Significant artifacts were observed in the reconstructed images using HCTs for AC. The MI differences between IACT(2o) and IACT(4o)/CACT were <0.41% and <2.17%, respectively. With a slight misplacement of the two extreme phases, IACT(2s) was still comparable to IACT(2o) with MI difference of <2.23%. The IACT is a robust and accurate low-dose alternate to CACT.

KeywordAttenuation Correction (Ac) Positron Emission Tomography (Pet)/ct Respiratory Artifacts Simulations
DOI10.1109/TBME.2013.2245132
Indexed BySCIE
Language英語English
WOS Research AreaEngineering
WOS SubjectEngineering, Biomedical
WOS IDWOS:000320709500019
Scopus ID2-s2.0-84877796985
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Citation statistics
Document TypeJournal article
CollectionDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Affiliation1.Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China
2.Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
First Author AffilicationFaculty of Science and Technology
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
Greta S. P. Mok,Tao Sun,Tzung-Chi Huang,et al. Interpolated Average CT for Attenuation Correction in PET—A Simulation Study[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, 2013, 60(7), 1927-1934.
APA Greta S. P. Mok., Tao Sun., Tzung-Chi Huang., & Mang I. Vai (2013). Interpolated Average CT for Attenuation Correction in PET—A Simulation Study. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, 60(7), 1927-1934.
MLA Greta S. P. Mok,et al."Interpolated Average CT for Attenuation Correction in PET—A Simulation Study".IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 60.7(2013):1927-1934.
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