The Indian left is facing a deep rooted crisis. The left in India tends to explain this crisis by way of the decisive changes that happened in the phase of globalization, but the real nature of the crisis is ideological and is rooted and reflected in the movement well before. We will argue that globalization aggravated this crisis leading to a downturn in the movement. This ideological crisis is reflected in the theory and practice of India’s various left parties and groups on the socialist agenda, including their understanding of social change, characterization of Indian society and class relations, understanding of capitalist development, understanding of the nature of the state, understanding of the structure and functioning of imperialism and its linkage and impacts on Indian society and class relations, and strategies of socialist transformation of Indian society including the anti-imperialist agenda. This paper will present a brief outline of the various aspects of the crisis. Its purpose is to highlight the need for serious research on this issue, and does not claim to present a holistic critique or complete picture of the crisis. It rather attempts to highlight some of the most important aspects of the ideological crisis of the left movement in India.