Lead-halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have garnered significant attention in the field of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), owing to their near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and superb color purity. However, the presence of insulating long-chain organic ligands and imbalanced carrier transport within QLED devices pose significant challenges to performance enhancement. To address these issues, a series of short-chain conjugated ligands based on 3-phenyl-2-propen-1-amine bromide (PPABr), tailored with diverse substituents, are developed. Through comprehensive theoretical calculations and experimental validation, it demonstrated that these ligands effectively modulate carrier transport in perovskite QDs, facilitating more efficient carrier transport pathways and enhanced conductivity through their delocalized electron cloud distributions along the entire molecular backbone. Consequently, QLEDs based on 4-CH PPABr QDs achieved an impressive external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 18.67 %, while a peak EQE of 23.88 % can be achieved by integrating a lens-based structure for optimized light extraction. This work offers a novel perspective for mitigating carrier transport imbalance in optoelectronic devices, thereby advancing the development of high-performance QLEDs.