China is not an exception to the global problem of juvenile drug crime, which has an impact on youth development and society at large. Since there have been more teenage drug charges in recent years, the issue has progressively grown more complicated. According to survey data in recent years, the abuse of new drugs by Chinese juveniles has become increasingly serious, especially the abuse of new psychotropic drugs. In addition, a large proportion of China’s drug abusers are in the youth group, with drug abusers under 35 years of age exceeding 50% of the total number of drug abusers. This article identifies some problems with the prevention and control of juvenile drug crime in China by analyzing data from the China Drug Report and some related research articles published in the previous five years. The article finds increased channels and ways for youth to be exposed to drugs, numerous shortcomings in drug prevention education for youth, and a lack of rehabilitation support for youth drug users. This study proposes effective countermeasures to address these problems: further strengthening the control of drug sources and supervision of places where drugs may be used, further improving drug safety education for youth, and strengthening rehabilitation support for adolescent drug users through community rehabilitation.