傷者親屬的精神損害賠償：回歸25年來的澳門司法見解進展 (Compensation for moral damages of family members in cases of non-fatal injury: Development of court decisions during the past 25 years since the return of Macau to China)

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	傷者親屬的精神損害賠償：回歸25年來的澳門司法見解進展 (Compensation for moral damages of family members in cases of non-fatal injury: Development of court decisions during the past 25 years since the return of Macau to China)
	NG KEI KEI
	2024-10
Source Publication	澳門研究 (Journal of Macau Studies)
ISSN	0872-8526
Abstract	本文旨在梳理與評論從1999年的第一案起，歷年來澳門法院對以下極富爭議問題的觀點變遷：受非致命身心侵害者，其親屬可否依第489條第2款請求賠償自身的非財產性損害？司法見解從一開始便分成否定說（Ac. TSI 144/2002）與肯定說（Ac. TSI 144/2002落敗聲明）兩派。在法律解釋上，二說皆各有因素支持。在法官們見解持續分歧（Ac. TSI 545/2008、Ac. TSI 692/2009、Ac. TSI 516/2011）的情形下，終審法院最終表態反對賠償（Ac. TUI 111/2014），並以澳門民法典的獨特性為據，走上了截然不同於當年葡萄牙最高法院第6/2014號統一司法見解的澳門特色道路。近年的學說與實務見解（Ac. TSI 826/2019與Ac. TSI 1224/2019的檢察院意見）則進一步為否定說開設重要例外，肯定了“嚴重個案”中的親屬賠償。本文認為，應將第489條解釋成，在受害人損害與親屬損害皆“格外嚴重”的情形下，容許親屬（至少是配偶與第一親等直系血親）請求痛苦賠償。
Other Abstract	This paper aims to summarize and comment on the evolving perspectives of Macau courts on a highly controversial issue over these years since the first case in 1999, namely, on whether the family members of someone who has suffered non-fatal physical or mental injury should receive compensation for their own moral damages in accordance with Article 489, paragraph 2. From the very beginning, judicial opinions were divided into two theories, one affirmative (Ac. TSI 144/2002) and the other negative (the dissenting opinion attached in Ac. TSI 144/2002). Both theories have their own supporting factors in terms of legal interpretation. This divergence remained for a long time (Ac. TSI 545/2008、Ac. TSI 692/2009、Ac. TSI 516/2011). Finally, the Court of Final Appeal rejected the compensation (Ac. TUI 111/2014). Considering the uniqueness of the Macau Civil Code compared to the Portuguese Civil Code, the court declined to align with the stance taken in decision n.º 6/2014 of the Portuguese Supreme Court of Justice. Recent doctrinal and practical viewpoints (procurator's opinions in Ac. TSI 826/2019 and Ac. TSI 1224/2019) acknowledge certain important exceptions to the negative theory, endorsing the compensation in "serious cases". This paper argues that Article 489 should be interpreted as permitting family members (at least spouses and first-degree blood relatives) to claim compensation for their own suffering in situations where the damage to the victim and the damage to them are both "extremely serious".
Keyword	身心完整權直接受害人彌補原則非致命侵害現今主義解釋傷者親屬非財產性損害賠償澳門民法典第489條 Right To Physical And Psychological Integrity Principle Of Compensation To Direct Victim (Vítima Imediata) Non-fatal Injury Actualist Interpretation (Interpretação Atualista) Compensation For Moral Damages Awarded To Family Members Of The Injured Article 489 Of The Macau Civil Code
Indexed By	其他Other
Language	中文Chinese
Funding Project	Research and Publication Project on Jurisprudence / Macau Positive law / Legal History
Document Type	Journal article
Collection	DEPARTMENT OF MACAO LEGAL STUDIES
Affiliation	1.Department of Macao Legal Studies, Faculty of Law, University of Macau 2.The Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714	NG KEI KEI. 傷者親屬的精神損害賠償：回歸25年來的澳門司法見解進展 (Compensation for moral damages of family members in cases of non-fatal injury: Development of court decisions during the past 25 years since the return of Macau to China)[J]. 澳門研究 (Journal of Macau Studies), 2024.
APA	NG KEI KEI.(2024). 傷者親屬的精神損害賠償：回歸25年來的澳門司法見解進展 (Compensation for moral damages of family members in cases of non-fatal injury: Development of court decisions during the past 25 years since the return of Macau to China). 澳門研究 (Journal of Macau Studies).
MLA	NG KEI KEI."傷者親屬的精神損害賠償：回歸25年來的澳門司法見解進展 (Compensation for moral damages of family members in cases of non-fatal injury: Development of court decisions during the past 25 years since the return of Macau to China)".澳門研究 (Journal of Macau Studies) (2024).

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