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Status | 已發表Published |
A 512-nW 0.003-mm2 Forward-Forward Black Box Trainer for an Analog Voice Activity Detector in 28-nm CMOS | |
LI JUNDE1; XIN GUOQIANG1; YU WEI HAN1; UN KA FAI1; RUI P MARTINS1,2; MAK PUI IN1 | |
2024-11 | |
Source Publication | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS |
ISSN | 1549-7747 |
Volume | 71Issue:11Pages:4703-4707 |
Abstract | Analog Voice Activity Detector (VAD) is a promising candidate for a power and cost-efficient solution for AIoT voice assistants. Regrettably, the PVT variation from the analog circuits and data misalignment from sensors limit the VAD accuracy with conventional backpropagation model-based training (BPMBT). This brief presents a forward-forward closed box trainer (FFBBT) for analog VADs. It trains the analog circuit without knowing the circuit model or finding its gradient. Thus, it is insensitive to PVT variation and offset, achieving a measured VAD accuracy improvement of ∼3% and an accuracy variation reduction of 5.6×. Moreover, a Tensor-Compressed DerivativeFree Optimizer (TCDFO) is also proposed to reduce the required memory for FFBBT by 1600×. The FFBBT with TCDFO is synthesized in 28 nm CMOS with a power of 512 nW and an area of 0.003 mm2. |
Keyword | Voice Activity Detection Convolution Neural Network Edge Learning Forward-forward Algorithm Black Box Training Back Propagation |
DOI | 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3452112 |
URL | View the original |
Indexed By | SCIE |
Language | 英語English |
WOS Research Area | Engineering |
WOS Subject | Engineering, Electrical & Electronic |
WOS ID | WOS:001348293900032 |
Publisher | IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 |
Scopus ID | 2-s2.0-85202772973 |
Fulltext Access | |
Citation statistics | |
Document Type | Journal article |
Collection | Faculty of Science and Technology THE STATE KEY LABORATORY OF ANALOG AND MIXED-SIGNAL VLSI (UNIVERSITY OF MACAU) INSTITUTE OF MICROELECTRONICS DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING |
Corresponding Author | YU WEI HAN |
Affiliation | 1.State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI/Institute of Microelectronics and the Faculty of Science and Technology–ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China 2.Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal |
First Author Affilication | Faculty of Science and Technology |
Corresponding Author Affilication | Faculty of Science and Technology |
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | LI JUNDE,XIN GUOQIANG,YU WEI HAN,et al. A 512-nW 0.003-mm2 Forward-Forward Black Box Trainer for an Analog Voice Activity Detector in 28-nm CMOS[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS, 2024, 71(11), 4703-4707. |
APA | LI JUNDE., XIN GUOQIANG., YU WEI HAN., UN KA FAI., RUI P MARTINS., & MAK PUI IN (2024). A 512-nW 0.003-mm2 Forward-Forward Black Box Trainer for an Analog Voice Activity Detector in 28-nm CMOS. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS, 71(11), 4703-4707. |
MLA | LI JUNDE,et al."A 512-nW 0.003-mm2 Forward-Forward Black Box Trainer for an Analog Voice Activity Detector in 28-nm CMOS".IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 71.11(2024):4703-4707. |
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