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Patterns of self-medication and intention to seek pharmacist guidance among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao: a cross-sectional study
YU ZHENG1; POU KUAN TANG1; HAO HU1,2,3; UNG OI LAM CAROLINA1,2,3
2024-07-31
Source PublicationBMC Public Health
ISSN1471-2458
Volume24Issue:1Pages:2066
Abstract

Introduction: Self-medication was remarkably popular during the COVID-19 pandemic. In older populations, the risk of self-medication is higher. Pharmacists are well positioned to provide public health education and disease prevention. This study aims to explore the self-medication patterns and intention to seek pharmacist guidance among older adults in Macao. Methods: A face-to-face cross-sectional survey was subsequently performed in March-April 2023 among older adults in Macao. The questionnaire was designed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze predictors of self-medication behavior and multiple linear regression analysis to determine whether the TPB construct was the predictor of older adults’ intention to seek guidance from pharmacists. Results: A total of 412 participants completed the questionnaire. The self-medication rate among older adults in Macao was 64.2%. The most commonly used types of medications were over-the-counter and traditional Chinese medicine, mainly from government anti-pandemic packages. The majority of individuals engaged in self-medication to treat COVID-19 symptoms or prevent COVID-19 infection. The prevalent reasons for self-medication were the perceived non-seriousness of the illness. 85 years old or older and university degree were significantly associated with self-medication behavior. Older adults had moderate intention to seek pharmacist guidance on medication use. The average scores (standard deviation) were 3.43 (1.10) for Attitude, 2.69 (0.99) for Subjective Norm, 3.56 (1.04) for Perceived Behavioral Control, and 3.07 (1.43) for Intention. Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control were all strong predictors of intention, which explained 53% of the variance in intention. In demographic factors, age was identified as a significant predictor of intentions. Conclusions: Self-medication was widely practiced in Macao during the COVID-19 pandemic. To better control the risks associated with self-medication, the role of pharmacists is paramount. Enhancing the recognition and trust of pharmacists within society, modifying pharmacy management models, and strengthening pharmacists’ self-perception of their profession are all pivotal directions areas to further enhance their role.

KeywordSelf-medication Pharmacist Covid-19 Older Adults Theory Of Planned Behavior Public Health
DOI10.1186/s12889-024-19453-2
URLView the original
Indexed BySCIE
Language英語English
WOS Research AreaPublic, Environmental & Occupational Health
WOS SubjectPublic, Environmental & Occupational Health
WOS IDWOS:001293338700003
PublisherBMC,CAMPUS, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
Scopus ID2-s2.0-85200240535
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Citation statistics
Document TypeJournal article
CollectionDEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICINAL ADMINISTRATION
Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
THE STATE KEY LABORATORY OF QUALITY RESEARCH IN CHINESE MEDICINE (UNIVERSITY OF MACAU)
Corresponding AuthorUNG OI LAM CAROLINA
Affiliation1.State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
2.Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
3.Centre for Pharmaceutical Regulatory Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Chin
First Author AffilicationInstitute of Chinese Medical Sciences
Corresponding Author AffilicationInstitute of Chinese Medical Sciences;  Faculty of Health Sciences;  University of Macau
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
YU ZHENG,POU KUAN TANG,HAO HU,et al. Patterns of self-medication and intention to seek pharmacist guidance among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao: a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Public Health, 2024, 24(1), 2066.
APA YU ZHENG., POU KUAN TANG., HAO HU., & UNG OI LAM CAROLINA (2024). Patterns of self-medication and intention to seek pharmacist guidance among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 2066.
MLA YU ZHENG,et al."Patterns of self-medication and intention to seek pharmacist guidance among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao: a cross-sectional study".BMC Public Health 24.1(2024):2066.
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