With the increase in the penetration rate of electric vehicles (EVs), it has become a promising trend for traditional gas service providers to reconstruct some gas stations into integrated fueling and fast charging stations (IFFSs). This paper studies the multi-stage planning strategy of the IFFSs in urban areas based on the equilibrium distribution of energy refuelling demand. Considering the long-term substitution of EVs and gasoline vehicles, the user equilibrium model of charging or fueling demand distribution in the rasterized area is established.. Considering both the construction of fast chargers and the removal of gasoline machines, Brouwer fixed point theorem based multi-stage planning and optimization model is proposed to obtain the planning scheme for the IFFSs with energy storage systems. By decoupling the consideration of charging and fueling facilities planning, an iterative algorithm is designed to effectively solve the planning problem. The case analysis shows that the proposed strategy jointly considers the planning of charging and fueling infrastructures, and effectively adapts to the trend of transportation electrification. The proposed equilibrium demand allocation is more in line with the actual situation of rational users’ decision-making than the traditional socially optimal demand allocation method, and therefore it can provide more reasonable planning schemes.

摘要：随着油改电趋势的持续发展和电动汽车渗透率的提 高，传统加油服务商将部分加油站改造为集成加油与快速充 电的油电混合能量站是一种颇具前景的战略。针对此趋势， 研究城市内油电混合能量站的多阶段规划策略。考虑到长期 内电动汽车对传统燃油车的替代和用户补能目的地决策理 性，基于用户均衡模型建立栅格化区域中充电或加油需求分 布的预测方法。协同考虑快速充电设施的逐步建设和加油设 施的拆除，提出含站内储能系统的油电混合能量站的多阶段 规划优化模型，并基于布劳威尔不动点定理将其转化为不动 点问题形式，进一步通过将充电和加油设施规划解耦，设计 一种迭代算法以有效求解规划问题。算例仿真给出的仿真结 果表明，所提策略能有效协调充电设施与加油设施建设，适 应交通电气化趋势，所采用的均衡需求分配相比传统的社会 成本最优的需求分配方法更符合用户理性决策的实际情况， 能够获得更加合理的规划方案。