The potential of biolipid production from the effluents of existing local food waste treatment facilities was evaluated by utilizing the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. In addition, to increase the nutrient recovering efficiency, the conditions for food waste hydrolysis by crude enzymes produced from solid food wastes by Aspergillus oryzae were further optimized. The optimized hydrolysis process resulted in reducing sugar (RS) yield of 251.81 ± 8.09 mg/g_dry (dry food waste) and free amino nitrogen (FAN) yield of 7.70 ± 0.74 mg/g_dry while the waste oil was easily separated. Biomass and biolipid were increased by 41.14 and 25.85%, respectively, when the hydrolysate was diluted/mixed with domestic wastewater to have 20 g/L RS. From biolipid and waste oil, the total biodiesel yield of 229.87 mg/g_dry was obtained from food waste, and the properties/qualities of resultant biodiesel met the ASTM D6751 standard.

On the other hand, three different hydrolysis methods (sulfuric acid hydrolysis, industrial enzyme hydrolysis, and fungal mash hydrolysis) were assessed for their effectiveness. Under the optimal hydrolysis conditions, the ratio of reducing sugar (RS) to free amino nitrogen (FAN) obtained was 218.52, 431.89, and 34.60 for each hydrolysis method respectively, and the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of each hydrolysate was 93,067, 103,333, and 166,667 mg/L, respectively. For the lipid production by yeast, the resultant hydrolysates were then mixed with local domestic wastewater at different mixing ratios to control the different initial SCOD concentrations (22,000, 28,000, and 34,000 mg/L, respectively). The lipid produced from these three hydrolysis methods was 6.73, 7.76, and 2.33 g per kg food waste, respectively.