To translate something is to rewrite it in another language. The act of rewriting is never free of interference and manipulation of any kind and is full of tensions and conflicts. The role that translation plays in modern Chinese history cannot be overstated. The cultural, political, and social landscape of the country has been shaped and greatly influenced by translation into Chinese. At the same time, China has been eager to spread its culture to the world. Translating Chinese literature into English has increasingly become a cross-cultural task. Mainly due to the multiple linguistic and cultural incommensurabilities between Chinese and English, translators are constantly faced with translation problems, which are associated with untranslatability to varying degrees. Therefore, transcultural poetics is of central relevance to the translation of Chinese literature into English. This volume will brings together a number of interrelated chapters by leading translation and literary scholars who will explore and analyze the multifaceted forms of translation by identifying pitfalls that threaten and compromise the quality of translation.