| Residential College | false |
| Status | 已發表Published |
| Cell Morphology in Aging | |
Zheng, W.
| |
| 2022-01 | |
| Source Publication | Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging |
| Publisher | Springer Cham |
| Pages | 843–846 |
| Abstract | Aging affects cells in all regions of the nervous system as indicated by the decline of sensory, motor, and cognitive functions over time (Mattson and Magnus 2006). Neurons (also called nerve cells) are the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system. These nerve cells are responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, for sending motor commands to the muscles, and for transforming and relaying the electrical signals at every step in between. A neuron has three main parts: cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. The cell body contains a nucleus and organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. Dendrites are the branching from the nerve cell body and function as small antennae which picks up signals from other cells. Exon is located at the opposite end of the nerve cell body, and is a long, thin fiber with branches at the end that sends signals. The axon is insulated by a myelin sheath made up of segments called oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. Although it is well substantiated that no excessive loss of neurons occurs during normal aging (Pannese and Function 2011), yet other subtler morphological changes take place in individual neuronal cells. These changes include losses of dendrites and dendritic spines and shrinkage in soma size (Fig. 1). The number of the axons also decreases and their myelin sheaths may become less compact and undergo segmental demyelination followed by remyelination, alterations in neurotransmitter receptors, and changes in electrophysiological properties (Dickstein et al. 2007). These changes lead to significant losses of synapses and majorly contribute to the behavioral impairment and decline in cognitive abilities which often accompany the process of normal aging (Kritsilis et al. 2018). |
| Keyword | Cell Morphology Aging |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22009-9 |
| Language | 英語English |
| ISBN | 978-3-030-22009-9 |
| The Source to Article | https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-22009-9_433 |
| Fulltext Access | |
| Citation statistics | |
| Document Type | Book chapter |
| Collection | Faculty of Health Sciences DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Zheng, W.. Cell Morphology in Aging[M]. Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging:Springer Cham, 2022, 843–846. |
| APA | Zheng, W..(2022). Cell Morphology in Aging. Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging, 843–846. |
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