The technology is developing in such a way that we cannot imagine normally. Nowadays, Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays an important role in many areas of human knowledge, such as in medicine. It is a bridge relating robots with medicine and creates the so-called “robot doctors” which can be applied either in conventional medicine or in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The robot doctors can be autonomous or not. The former ones act as human beings given that they are able to learn new experiences and knowledge, when the latter ones only follow the programmers or producers’ pre-setting and cannot act with autonomous behaviors. This paper analyses the current and future development of AI in TCM, and the possibility of criminal punishment of TCM robot doctors in Portugal.